Sunday 21 April 2019

Scores of Scolopias at the Shute (Thursday 19 April, 2019)

Having been given a key to some of the gates through the new fences bordering the Umtamvuna reserve, we decided to try out the copies of the key to ensure they worked before returning the original. We headed for the point of our usual acess to Hazel Ridge and parked next to the new gate. With a bit of difficulty we got the key to work and set off straight down towards Gonioma Heights. The entire grassland on this west-facing slope was dotted with little starbursts of Helichrysum adenocarpum and a few Aristea abyssinica.

Aristea abyssinica below Helichrysum adenocarpum

In a dip where the grass was taller we found several Euryops leiocarpus and the heads of Heliophila rigidiuscula extended above the tall grass. Here we also found Pimpinella caffra and a pair of rather spiky fruits on a Schizoglossum bidens.

We headed inland towards another small bushy outcrop where we found Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus with some opened fruits. Moving around the bush clump, we were exposed to fantastic views of the forested Shute and into the Umtamvuna River gorge.


Euriops leiocarpus

Heliophila rigidiuscula

Pimpinella caffra

Schizoglossum bidens

Looking up the Umtamvuna river gorge with The Shute on the right

Walking through the grassland we came across Tenrhynea phylicifolia with their attractive grey foliage and there were also some pink-flowered Syncolostemon ramulosus.


Tenrhynea phylicifolia

Syncolostemon ramulosus

Making our way down to the gorge edge (photo: Gail B-W)

Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus

From here we worked our way back coastwards along the clifftops, eventually encountering a small watercourse. There was an interesting orange fruit-bearing tree in the forest along this watercourse and we scrambled down to see what it was. It turned out to be Scolopia mundii and while the first one we saw was bearing the most fruits, we could detect several more of this species in this small forested gully. Red-winged Starlings seemed to be enjoying these fruits. In the same area Schefflera umbellata displayed its terminal sprays of flowers.

At the forest edge we found a few Polygala gazensis in flower and tucked away at the edge of the forest was a small Maytenus oleosa with many axiliary buds. In the forest there were several Rhynchocalyx lawsonoides with clusters of small fruits.


Schefflera umbellifera

Polygala gazensis

Maytenus oleosa

Rhynchocalyx lawsonoides fruits

Scolopia mundii
Just before we crossed this watercourse, we found a small cluster of Phylica natalensis, a species of conservation concern that we seldom see. On the other bank, Gail captured this interesting image of the inflorescence of Lasiosiphon anthylloides holding fast to a raindrop from the previous night. For a while the clouds looked threatening but these dissipated while we had our lunch.

We then found our way into the next forested watercourse and enjoyed cool conditions for a while as we scrambled up the rocky watercourse. We were disturbed to see that several of the large trees in this watercourse had been debarked -- presumably for traditional medicinal purposes -- and in some cases the trees had been ringbarked, killing the tree. 

Eventually we emerged from the forest to find a small population of Cineraria dryogeton. This is now the third sub-population of this Vulnerable endemic species we have found in the reserve.

Threatening clouds above the Umtamvuna River gorge


Phylica natalensis

Lasiosiphon anthylloides (Photo: Gail B-W)

Rapids on the Umtamvuna River

Looking down the Umtamvuna river gorge

Cineraria dryogeton
Participants: Anne S, Gail B-W, Graham G, Kate G, Maggie A, Rachel B-W, Tracy T.


Sunday 14 April 2019

Orchids and Plectranthus at Foster's Folly (Thursday 11 April, 2019)

After good early autumn rains we decided to visit Foster's Folly, a steep but climbable rock-capped finger pointing into the Umtamvuna River gorge. Its rocky summit is always interesting and the views in the vicinity are stupendous.

As we set off walking we saw several eye-catching patches of Monocymbium ceresiiforme with the russet seed heads waving in the breeze. In the grassland we found a few Aspalathus chortophila in flower and amongst the moss on rock sheets were many Craterostigma sp. nov., some of which were flowering.

We reached the first of two places where large slabs of cliff had moved away from the edge, with the gap having become filled with soil and debris, providing habitat for species usually found in dense forest. Here we found Rothmannia capensis and R. globosa, both bearing a good crop of fruits. Also in this gap was a Podocarpus latifolius with dozens of small blue-green fruits peeping from the leaf axils.

Monocymbium ceresiiforme

Aspalathus chortophila

Craterostigma sp. nov.

Podocarpus latifolius fruits

Rothmannia globosa fruits

Rothmannia capensis fruits

A bit further along in the open grassland we found a few Protea roupelliae with a conveniently situated open flower in one case. A flash of bright orange caught our attention and this proved to be an early Erica cerinthoides. In a crevice in a rock outcrop we found a small broad-leafed Delosperma. This is a species we have yet to identity. On top of the rock outcrop was Euryops brevipapposus and in the grassland nearby were some flowering Helichrysum pannosum.

Protea roupelliae


Delosperma sp.

Erica cerinthoides

Euryops brevipapposus

Helichrysum pannosum
Just before we reached Foster's Folly we found an Ypsilopus erectus in bud. This particular plant is in an easily reached place, unusual for Ypsilopus which seems to prefer growing on exposed rock faces above sheer vertical drops. As we approached Foster's Folly we saw a small cascade on the opposite bank of the gorge through which the Swamp Forest river discharges into the Umtamvuna River. This is the first time we have seen significant flow in this waterfall.


Ypsilopus erectus 

View around Foster's Folly into the Umtamvuna River gorge

Small cascade tumbling down to meet the Swamp Forest stream

As we scrambled through the shrubs to get onto the top of Foster's folly, we saw several Plectranthus ernstii with their "Michelin Man" stalks. In the leaf litter on the ground were a few Hypoxis membranaceus and several Brownleea coerulea. We also found what appeared to be bright red sporangia on a moss or lichen.

We were delighted to find that one of the several Trichocladus grandiflorus we know to grow along this path was flowering - the first time some of us had seen this species flowering in the wild.

Plectranthus ernstii

The base of a Plectranthus ernstii

Hypoxis membranaceus

Trichocladus grandiflorus

Brownleea coerulea

Spores on moss or lichen

We enjoyed lunch in the shade of the low trees here and then admired a small Cussonia nicholsonii that had managed to produce a cluster of fruits.


Plectranthus saccatus subsp. pondoensis

Setting off back through the grassland we found Moraea spathulata, a few Rhoicissus tridentata in fruit and a robust Lotononis eriocarpa.


Moraea spathulata

Rhoicissus tridentata fruits

Lotononis eriocarpa



Participants; Anne S, Gail B-W, Graham G, Kate G, Maggie A, Tracy T.

Saturday 6 April 2019

Flowering now (April 2019)

Allophyllus dregeana

Antidesma venosum

Aristea abyssinica (with Helichrysum adenocarpum)

Asclepias praemorsa

Aspalathus chortophila

Barleria gueinzii

Barleria obtusa


Bersama swinnyi

Cineraria dryogeton


Combretum edwardsii


Combretum kraussii


Commiphora harveyi fruits


Crassula obovata var. dregeana


Crassula southii

Crotalaria globifera

Crotalaria natalitia

Cryptocarya wyliei


Dalechampia capensis


Dimorphotheca fruticosa


Diospyros villosus fruit

Ekebergia pterophylla fruits

Erica cerinthoides

Euryops brevipapposus

Euryops leiocarpus

Faurea macnaughtonii

Floscopa glomerata

Helichrysum pannosum



Helichrysum populifolium

Hypoxis membranaceus

Kalanchoe crenata

Leonotis leonurus


Lotononis eriocarpa

Maytenus oleosa

Monocymbium ceresiiforme


Monsonia praemorsa

Moraea spathulata


Nuxia floribunda

Osteospermum moniliferum


Petopentia natalensis

Phylica natalensis

Pimpinella caffra

Plectranthus ernstii

Plectranthus oertendahlii

Plectranthus saccatus subsp. pondoensis

Podocarpus falcatus fruit

Podocarpus latifolius

Protea roupelliae

Psychotria capensis


Rhoicissus tomentosa fruits

Rhoicissus tridentata fruits

Rothmannia capensis fruits

Rothmannia globosa fruits


Rhynchocalyx lawsonoides

Scolopia mundii

Senecio albanopsis

Solanum giganteum fruits

Tenrhynea phylicifolia

Trichocladus grandiflorus


Vangueria infausta fruits


Viscum obscurum


Volkameria glabra

Ypsilopus erectus buds